Furnace



NOV- 14# 1944- L. LocKwooD 2,362,649

FURNACE Y Filed June 25, 1941 Patented Nov. 14, 1944 `Application'Jima2s, 1941";seria1No. 399,289,

My invention relates to that class of furnaces having a relatively large fuel compartment `designed to `contain sufficient fuel for` a full days use, commonly known as twenty-four hour furnaces, and in whichthe fuel from thetmaga zine feeds towardsthe grate by gravity.

The object of my invention is to provide simple, durable and inexpensive furnace of this class in which. the fuel in the upper `portion of `the fuel magazine cannotvburn, thereby lpreventing objectionable overheating of the furnace such as sometimes occursl with` furnaces of this class which permit smoke and gases to pass upwardly through the upper part of the fuel magazine, thereby avoiding fuelwaste and the tendency to burn out portions of the furnace.

A further Object is to provide a furnace of this class in which combustible gases or smoke generated in or entering the air-sealed fuel magazine will be forced due to their expansive pressure downwardly and through or over the burning fuel within the lower portion of the fuel magazine and above the grate, where they will be ignited and burned, thereby economizing fuel and preventing smoke discharge to the flue; and further to provide means for supplying air for combustion purposes and commingling it with the downwardly moving gases and smoke at the points where they enter the burning fuel, to thereby provide intense heat at said points for completely consuming gases and smoke.

A further object is toprovide a fuel receiving opening at the top of the fuel magazine and an air sealed cover therefor, whereby the `fuel magazine may be easily filled to its top with fuel and when the cover is closed the escape of gas or smoke will be prevented.

A further object is to provide meansfor preventingv the application of excessive heat to the upper portion of the fuel magazine and for warming the air that is discharged into the lower portion of the fuel magazine for combustion purposes.

In the accompanying drawing- Figure l shows a vertical central sectional view of my improved furnace on the line I-l of Figure 2;

Figure 2 shows a horizontal sectional view on the line 2-2 of Figure 1; y

Figure 3 shows a detail vertical sectional view of the fuel magazine and grate and associated parts, and illustrating the position of ashes, burning fuel and unburned fuel during the operation of the furnace;

r The furnacewcasing is` indicatedtby `ence numeralill,4 at its top -is afjlue` i I and a fuel Figure 41 Aslziovir's a detail perspective viewfof one `of the air supply flues; `and l y detail vertical sec Figure 5 shows an enlarged tional` view through a `portion of the top of the fuel magazineand cover. V A

the referdoor l2. At gthe lower `portion of--the' casing is a grate. I3 and r an opening. covered-v by an air supply damper, allgof the ordinaryconstruction.

, Supported withinthe interior. of they casing is the fuel magazine 124,` having Vajuel opening at its top surrounded V)cyan upwardly `extended this opening. On its under surface is a packing gland I1 to receive the flange, and Vin the when a full fuel magazine supply of fuel has been nearly consumed, there will be space enough between the ashes and the lower end of the -fuel magazine to permit products of com-- bustion from thev burning area to pass outwardly under the fuel magazine.

At the sides of the lower portion of the fuel magazine there are four air `supply flues I9,

' shown in Figure 4, each of which is rectangular in cross section,` open at its lower end and closed at its upper end and having an opening at 20 communicating with an opening at 2| in the fuel magazine. A flange 22 extends upwardly and outwardly at this opening in the fuel magazine` to prevent fuel from entering the air supply flue.

On the outer surface` of the fuel magazine I have provided a number of deflectors 22a extended toward the casing and inclined in an ascending spiral to direct the products of combustion in an ascending spiral around the in terior of the casing to retard the escape of heat to the flue and cause increased radiation from the casing.

In practice I have demonstrated that the fuel magazine may be easily and quickly filled to its top, and when the cover is replaced, the fuel magazine is sealed at its top. v

Assumingthat the fuel near the grate is burning, and gases and smoke are thereby being generated, the upper portionof the fuel magazine will be filled with gases and smoke are thereby gases and smoke meet within the burning area,

intense combustion occurs, resulting in the complete burning of the gases, smoke and fuel. As the burning of the fuel continues, a greater quantity of ashes accumulates on the grate, but the fuel magazine is spaced above the grate far enough to be above the ashes 'when the fuel mag-5` azine is empty, so that at all times the products ,of combustion may flow downwardly' through the lower end of the fuel magazine and outwardly over` the ashes and into the combustion chambers at the sides of the fuel magazine.

In the event that the air supply damper is wide open, the re'cannot run away and ignite all lof the fuel at the same time. Only that portion of the fuel that is between the air supply ues 4and the grate receive enough air for combustion purposes, and no smoke or unburned gases-can escape to the flue because they rst are forced by the draft through'the burning area.

In'Fig. 3 I have illustrated diagrammatically 'the condition 'of the fuel and ashes after a full fuel supply in the fuel magazine has been partly consumed. A'indicates the unburned fuel, B, the burning or coked fuel, and C the ashes on the grate. The arrows show the path of travel of 4the air supply entering the burning area in a downward direction, passing through or over the burning fuel and out to the combustion chambers between the fuel magazine and the casing, and illustrating that no smoke or unburned gases can pass from the' furnace but will be consumed when passing through or over the burning area.

I claim as my invention:

A coal heating unit having a casing with a grate extended across said casing, adjacent the lower end thereof, a flue adjacent the upper end of said casing, an air chamber below said grate, a coal magazine supported in a spaced relation withinvl said casing, with the upper end of said magazine being closed and the lower end thereof open and spaced upwardly from said grate, and the portion of said casing between said grate and the lower end of said magazine defining the periphery of a fire box,'air conduits extended upwardly from said air chamber between said mag- `azineand said casing, with said magazine having openings therein corresponding to said conduits and said conduits terminating at said openings, and a portion at the bottom of each of said openings extended upwardly and outwardly from said magazine and into a corresponding air con duit to keep the coal in said magazine from drop` ping into said conduit.

LEE LOCKWOOD. 

